Epistrophe

Epistrophe is a rhetorical and poetic effect where a word or phrase is repeated at the end of successive phrases, clauses, sentences, or lines.  Epistrophe can occur in prose or in verse.  1 Corinthians has a rather well-known example:

When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child: but when I became a man, I away childish things.  (1 Cor. 13:11)

The result is an emphasis on "(as) a child," which will then juxtapose sharply with "as a man." 

Epistrophe occurs frequently in verse, as here three different times in Act 2, Scene 2 of Shakespeare's Richard III:

Children: Oh for our father, for our dear lord Clarence!

Duch. of York: Alas for both, both mine, Edward and Clarence!

Q. Eliz.: What stay had I but Edward? and he's gone.

Children: What stay had we but Clarence? and he's gone.

Duch. of York: What stays had I but they? and they are gone.

Q. Eliz.: Was never widow had so dear a loss!

Children: Were never orphans had so dear a loss!  (2.2.72-78) 

In this stichomythia, these line ends seem like lamenting refrains for the evil that Richard has visited upon these characters.